He ʻokoʻa loa ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana i nā ʻili daimana kiʻekiʻe mai nā ʻili daimana kuʻuna, ʻo kēia ka mea e hoʻolauna i nā hiʻohiʻona o nā ʻili daimana kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a hoʻolauna i kekahi mau wahi e pono ke nānā ʻia i ke kaʻina hana.

1: Pono e koho ʻia ka papa daimana. No laila he aha ke ʻano daimana maikaʻi? No ka mea paʻakikī ke kāohi i ke ʻano o ka huahana hope i ka wā o ka hana ʻana i nā daimana synthetic, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā daimana he mau ʻano polygonal irregular. ʻOi aku ka ʻoi o ke ʻano polygonal ma mua o ke ʻano tetrahedral, akā ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o kēia daimana. ʻO ke daimana maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻili ʻili he daimana hexahedral. No laila he aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke daimana maikaʻi ʻole a me ke daimana ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe? ʻO nā daimana maikaʻi ʻole he octahedral a ʻoi aku paha ka ʻaoʻao o ke ʻano, I ke kaʻina hana ʻoki maoli, ma muli o ka nui o ka wai ʻoki wai i hana ʻia e kēlā me kēia maka o ka daimana, ʻaʻole hiki ke hōʻike ʻia ka hiki ke ʻoki. ʻOiaʻiʻo, inā loaʻa kekahi mau pilikia me ka daimana i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka mahana a i ʻole ke kaomi i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana. A i ʻole ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ke daimana lua e alakaʻi i nā waiwai paʻa ʻole o ke daimana, e like me ka brittleness kiʻekiʻe a me ka lawa ʻole o ka paʻakikī. No laila, ʻo ke koho ʻana i ka pauka daimana me ka nui o nā tetrahedra e like me ka hiki ke koi nui no ka hana ʻana i nā ʻili daimana kiʻekiʻe.

2: He haʻahaʻa ka nui o ka ʻāpana, ʻo ke daimana Coarse-grained ka maikaʻi o ka hiki ke ʻoki ikaika a me ka ʻoki ʻoki kiʻekiʻe, he mea pono e loaʻa i nā pahi ʻike kiʻekiʻe. Loaʻa nā ʻano o ka wili hoʻohui, ka liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana a me ka hāʻawi ʻana. I ka wā o ka ʻoki ʻana, hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā ʻāpana ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e ke daimana coarse-grained, a ʻaʻole e hemo koke ka daimana ma muli o ka hopena, kahi e hoʻopau nui ai. Eia kekahi, ʻo ka noi kūpono o nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi a me ka maikaʻi, i helu ʻia e like me ka nui o ka nui, hiki ke hoʻonui koke i ka ʻike daimana i kekahi ʻano. Ma keʻano laulā, ʻoiai he kōkua nui nā daimana coarse-grained i ka ʻoki pono ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hoʻohui ʻana i kekahi mau daimana maikaʻi i kūpono e hoʻohālikelike i nā pauka ʻeleʻele a maikaʻi hoʻi e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka maka ʻili i ka wā o ka ʻoki ʻana, a ʻaʻohe kūlana i hiki ʻole ke ʻoki ʻia nā daimana koʻikoʻi ma hope o ka lepo palahalaha.

3: ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paʻa wela. I ke kaʻina hana o ka daimana, hana ʻia ka graphite e ka wela kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻokumu ka graphite kiʻekiʻe i nā ʻāpana pauka daimana i kahi ʻano ʻano. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka hapa nui o nā daimana ma ke ʻano he like ke kūpaʻa wela. Eia naʻe, ua manaʻo ʻia inā e hoʻonui ʻia ke kūpaʻa wela o ke daimana, hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka pono o ke daimana. No laila, hoʻokō ka poʻe i ke kumu o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka paʻa wela ma o ka plating titanium. Nui nā ala o ka titanium plating, me ka brazing titanium plating, a me ka titanium plating me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano kuʻuna titanium plating. Hoʻohui ʻia inā paʻa a wai paha ka mokuʻāina o ka titanium plating, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, i ka hopena hope loa o ka plating titanium.

4: E hoʻonui i ka hiki ke ʻoki o ka maka daimana ma o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ikaika paʻa. Ua ʻike ʻia hiki ke hana pololei ke kalapona ikaika i ka hale paʻa ma ka ʻili o ke daimana, ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka hui kalapona ikaika. ʻO nā mea metala e hiki ke hana i nā mea like me ke daimana, me nā mea metala e like me ka plating, titanium, chromium, nickel, tungsten, etc. Aia kekahi mau metala e like me ka molybdenum, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wettability o ke daimana a me kēia mau metala, a hoʻonui i ka paʻa. ikaika o daimana ma ka hoonui ana i ka pulu.

5: ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pauka ultra-fine a i ʻole ka pauka alloy prefabricated hiki ke hoʻonui i ka paʻa o ka paʻa. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pauka, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka pulu ma waena o kēlā me kēia pauda metalaa me ke daimana i ka wā o ka sintering, ʻAʻole ia i ka nalowale a me ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana o nā metala hoʻoheheʻe haʻahaʻa i nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokō i ka hopena o nā metala a me nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe, e hōʻemi loa i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻoki ʻana a me ke kūpaʻa matrix o ka maka daimana.

6: E hoʻohui i ka nui kūpono o nā mea ʻeleʻele like ʻole (e like me ka lanthanum honua laha, cerium, etc.) i ka pauka matrix. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa loa i ka ʻaʻahu ʻana o ke poʻo ʻoki daimana, a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka maikaʻi o ka ʻoki ʻana o ka ʻili daimana (ʻo ka hana ʻoi loa ka maikaʻi ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka ʻoi, e emi mālie ke ola o ka maka ʻili).

7: Hoʻopili ʻia ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka vacuum, ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā mīkini hana maʻamau i ke kūlana kūlohelohe. ʻO kēiaʻano sintering e hiki ai i ka māhele ke hōʻike i ka lewa no ka manawa lōʻihi. I ka wā o ke kaʻina hana sintering, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻāpana i ka oxidation a me ka emi ʻana o ka paʻa. Eia nō naʻe, inā i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke poʻo ʻokiʻoki i loko o kahi ʻāpana ʻawaʻawa, hiki iā ia ke hōʻemi i ka oxidation o ka ʻāpana a hoʻomaikaʻi nui i ka paʻa o ka ʻāpana.

8: Single mold sintering. Wahi a ka loina hana o ka mīkini hoʻoheheʻe wela i kēia manawa, ʻo ke ala maikaʻi loa ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka sintering mode hoʻokahi. Ma kēiaʻano, i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana sintering, heʻuʻuku kaʻokoʻa kūpaʻa ma waena o nā papa luna a me lalo o ka māhele, a heʻano likeʻole ka sintering. Eia nō naʻe, inā hoʻohana ʻia ka sintering ʻelua-mode a i ʻole ʻehā-mode sintering, e hoʻemi nui ʻia ka paʻa o ka sintering.

9: Welding, i ka wā welding, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka paʻa o nā pad solder kālā ma mua o nā pad solder keleawe. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pad solder kālā me kahi ʻāpana kālā o 35% he mea kōkua nui i ka ikaika wili hope loa o ka ʻike maka a me ka hopena o ka hopena i ka wā e hoʻohana ai.

ʻO ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo, ʻike nā lau ʻike kiʻekiʻe i nā kikoʻī he nui i ke kaʻina hana. Ma ka hoʻomalu pono ʻana i kēlā me kēia ʻano o kēlā me kēia kūʻai, hana ʻana, hana hope a me nā hana ʻē aʻe e hiki ai ke hana i kahi huahana ʻike daimana maikaʻi loa.